Research Programme

A theory of how brands are remembered.

A body of work applying music cognition and predictive-coding neuroscience to brand memory: how brand structures are built, sustained, and eroded across repeated encounters over time. Published research, three original constructs, and an empirical programme in development.

I

Existing brand science measures whether a brand is recognised. It does not measure whether a brand can still surprise.

The gap this work addresses
The Paper
PublishedSSRN · June 2026
TypeWorking paper
FieldBrand science · Music cognition · Consumer neuroscience

The Prediction Engine: Predictive Brand Encoding and the Music-Cognition Model of Brand Memory

Darya Lebedeva-Gule · Independent Researcher

Existing theory explains the evaluation of a brand at a single point of exposure. It does not explain the temporal dimension: why some brand encounters produce deep, durable memory traces while others of equivalent frequency fail to encode. This paper bridges music cognition, where predictive coding is characterised with the greatest empirical precision, with consumer neuroscience. Its central move reframes prediction error as a dual-function signal that both corrects the consumer's model and generates the reward and attention that drive encoding, relocating the strategic goal from minimising prediction error to calibrating and sustaining it. Six falsifiable hypotheses are stated, and a behavioural research programme is outlined.

Cite asLebedeva-Gule, D. (2026). The Prediction Engine: Predictive Brand Encoding and the Music-Cognition Model of Brand Memory. SSRN Working Paper, Abstract ID 6951338.
Read on SSRN ORCID 0009-0009-6808-3133
The Constructs

Three original constructs introduced by this work.

Research & Licensing

For researchers, institutions, and brand-measurement partners.

The framework's hypotheses are stated for empirical test, and its instruments are designed for institutional collaboration. Enquiries regarding research partnership or licensing are welcome.

Research enquiry Read the paper